Aluminium oxide nanopowders. The synthesized product is a highly porous white powder with the bulk density 0.60.7 g/cm3 and specific surface 20 m2/g. The shape of Al2O3 particles is predominantly spherical, with an average particle size varying from 30 up to 300 nm, depending on the synthesis conditions.
• Magnesium oxide whiskers. The synthesized product is a highly porous white powder. Its particles mainly have a shape of the whisker with an average diameter of 60 nm and a relation of whisker's length to its diameter about 100.
• Zirconium dioxide nanopowders. The synthesized product is a highly porous white powder with a white light yellow shade.
- Zirconium dioxide ZrO2 + 6% Y2O3, with an average size of particles 30–200 nm may be synthesized, stabilized in equilibrium tetragonal modification.
- Zirconium dioxide ZrO2, with a characteristic particle size 5 nm. The powder has cubic modification, the stabilization of which is determined by the small size of particles.
• Mixtures of nanopowders of the above listed powders during the synthesis process. The obtained powdery products are characterized by the uniformity of components allocation in the mixture. The synthesized nanopowders were utilized for modifying wolframic and non-wolframic hard facing alloys. The positive changes in material structure allow for increasing wear resistance by 150–200%, fracture toughness by 50%, stability resistance at metals treatment by cutting by 150–200%.
Nanopowders of metal oxides and carbides may also consist another group of mixtures. Turbostratum graphite with interplanar distance 3.42 Å may also form mixtures with metals like Ti, Mg, Zr; burns and metal carbides are forming by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis.
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